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Romans 16

KING JAMES BIBLE KING JAMES 1611 VERSES TO VERSES THE NEW AMERICAN BIBLE COMMENTARIE

1 I COMMEND unto you Phebe our sister, which is a servant of the church which is at Cenchrea:
2 That ye receive her in the Lord, as becometh saints, and that ye assist her in whatsoever business she hath need of you: for she hath been a succourer of many, and of myself also.
3 Greet Priscilla and Aquila my helpers in Christ Jesus:
4 Who have for my life laid down their own necks: unto whom not only I give thanks, but also all the churches of the Gentiles.
5 Likewise greet the church that is in their house. Salute my wellbeloved Epænetus, who is the firstfruits of Achaia unto Christ.
6 Greet Mary, who bestowed much labour on us.
7 Salute Andronicus and Junia, my kinsmen, and my fellowprisoners, who are of note among the apostles, who also were in Christ before me.
8 Greet Amplias my beloved in the Lord.
9 Salute Urbane, our helper in Christ, and Stachys my beloved.
10 Salute Apelles approved in Christ. Salute them which are of Aristobulus’ household.
11 Salute Herodion my kinsman. Greet them that be of the household of Narcissus, which are in the Lord.
12 Salute Tryphena and Tryphosa, who labour in the Lord. Salute the beloved Persis, which laboured much in the Lord.
13 Salute Rufus chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine.
14 Salute Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermas, Patrobas, Hermes, and the brethren which are with them.
15 Salute Philologus, and Julia, Nereus, and his sister, and Olympas, and all the saints which are with them.
16 Salute one another with an holy kiss. The churches of Christ salute you.
17 Now I beseech you, brethren, mark them which cause divisions and offences contrary to the doctrine which ye have learned; and avoid them.
18 For they that are such serve not our Lord Jesus Christ, but their own belly; and by good words and fair speeches deceive the hearts of the simple.
19 For your obedience is come abroad unto all men. I am glad therefore on your behalf: but yet I would have you wise unto that which is good, and simple concerning evil.
20 And the God of peace shall bruise Satan under your feet shortly. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you. Amen.
21 Timotheus my workfellow, and Lucius, and Jason, and Sosipater, my kinsmen, salute you.
22 I Tertius, who wrote this epistle, salute you in the Lord.
23 Gaius mine host, and of the whole church, saluteth you. Erastus the chamberlain of the city saluteth you, and Quartus a brother.
24 The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.
25 Now to him that is of power to stablish you according to my gospel, and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery, which was kept secret since the world began,
26 But now is made manifest, and by the scriptures of the prophets, according to the commandment of the everlasting God, made known to all nations for the obedience of faith:
27 To God only wise, be glory through Jesus Christ for ever. Amen.

1I commend vnto you Phebe our sister, which is a seruant of the Church which is at Cenchrea:

2That ye receiue her in the Lord as becommeth Saints, and that ye assist her in whatsoeuer businesse she hath need of you: for she hath beene a succourer of many, and of my selfe also.

3Greete Priscilla and Aquila, my helpers in Christ Iesus:

4(Who haue for my life laid downe their owne neckes: vnto whome not onely I giue thankes, but also all the Churches of the Gentiles.)

5Likewise greet the Church that is in their house. Salute my welbeloued Epenetus, who is the first fruits of Achaia vnto Christ.

6Greete Marie, who bestowed much labour on vs.

7Salute Andronicus and Iunia my kinsmen, and my fellow prisoners, who are of note among the Apostles, who also were in Christ before me.

8Greet Amplias my beloued in the Lord.

9Salute Urbane our helper in Christ, and Stachys my beloued.

10Salute Appelles approoued in Christ. Salute them which are of Aristobulus houshold.

11Salute Herodion my kinsman. Greet them that be of the houshold of Narcissus, which are in the Lord.

12Salute Tryphena and Tryphosa, who labour in the Lord. Salute the beloued Persis, which laboured much in the Lord.

13Salute Rufus chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine.

14Salute Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermas, Patrobas, Hermes, and the brethren which are with them.

15Salute Philologus & Iulia, Nereus, and his sister, and Olympas, and all the Saints which are with them.

16Salute one another with an holy kisse. The Churches of Christ salute you.

17Now I beseech you, brethren, marke them which cause diuisions and offences, contrary to the doctrine which ye haue learned, and auoide them.

18For they that are such, serue not our Lord Iesus Christ, but their owne belly, and by good wordes and faire speeches deceiue the hearts of the simple.

19For your obedience is come abroad vnto all men. I am glad therefore on your behalfe: but yet I would haue you wise vnto that which is good, and simple concerning euill.

20And the God of peace shal bruise Satan vnder your feete shortly. The grace of our Lord Iesus Christ be with you. Amen.

21Timotheus my worke-fellow, and Lucius, and Iason, and Sosipater my kinsemen salute you.

22I Tertius who wrote this Epistle, salute you in the Lord.

23Gaius mine hoste, and of the whole Church, saluteth you. Erastus the Chamberlaine of the citie saluteth you, and Quartus a brother.

24The grace of our Lord Iesus Christ be with you all. Amen.

25Now to him that is of power to stablish you according to my Gospel, and the preaching of Iesus Christ, according to the reuelation of the the mysterie, which was kept secret since the world began:

26But now is made manifest, and by the Scriptures of the Prophets according to the commandement of the euerlasting God, made knowen to all nations for the obedience of faith,

27To God, onely wise, bee glorie through Iesus Christ, for euer. Amen.Written to the Romanes from Corinthus, and sent by Phebe seruant of the Church at Cenchrea.

I == Acts 18:18

 

II == Phil 2:29 ; 3rd John 1:5-6

 

 

III == Acts 18:2 , 18 , 26 ; 2nd Tim 4:19

 

 

V == 1st Cor 16:15 , 19 ; Col 4:15 ; Phile 1:2

 

 

VII == Gal 1:22

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

XIII == 2nd John 1:1

 

 

 

 

 

XVI == 1st Cor 16:20 ; 1st Thess 5:26

XVII == Acts 15:1 , 5 , 24 ; 1st Cor 5:9 , 11

 

 

XVIII == Phil 3:19 ; Col 2:4

 

XIX == Matt 10:16 ; Rom 1:8 ; 1st Cor 14:20

 

 

XX == Gen 3:15 ; Phil 4:23 ; Rev 22:21

 

XXI == Acts 13:1 ; 16:1 ; 17:5 ; 20:4 ; Phil 2:19 ; Col 1:1 ; 1st Thess 3:2 ; 1st Tim 1:2 ; Heb 13:23

 

XXIII == Acts 19:22 ; 1st Cor 1:14 ; 2nd Tim 4:20

 

XXV == Rom 2:16 ; Col 1:26-27

 

 

 

XXVI == Acts 6:7 ; Rom 1:5

 

 

XXVII == 1st Time 1:17 ; 6:16 ; Jude 1:25+

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 I commend to you Phoebe our sister, who is (also) a minister of the church at Cenchreae, 2 that you may receive her in the Lord in a manner worthy of the holy ones, and help her in whatever she may need from you, for she has been a benefactor to many and to me as well. 3 Greet Prisca and Aquila, my co-workers in Christ Jesus, 4 who risked their necks for my life, to whom not only I am grateful but also all the churches of the Gentiles; 5 greet also the church at their house. Greet my beloved Epaenetus, who was the firstfruits in Asia for Christ. 6 Greet Mary, who has worked hard for you. 7 Greet Andronicus and Junia, my relatives and my fellow prisoners; they are prominent among the apostles and they were in Christ before me. 8 Greet Ampliatus, my beloved in the Lord. 9 Greet Urbanus, our co-worker in Christ, and my beloved Stachys. 10 Greet Apelles, who is approved in Christ. Greet those who belong to the family of Aristobulus. 11 Greet my relative Herodion. Greet those in the Lord who belong to the family of Narcissus. 12 Greet those workers in the Lord, Tryphaena and Tryphosa. Greet the beloved Persis, who has worked hard in the Lord. 13 Greet Rufus, chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine. 14 Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes, Patrobas, Hermas, and the brothers who are with them. 15 Greet Philologus, Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas, and all the holy ones who are with them. 16 Greet one another with a holy kiss. All the churches of Christ greet you. 17 I urge you, brothers, to watch out for those who create dissensions and obstacles, in opposition to the teaching that you learned; avoid them. 18 For such people do not serve our Lord Christ but their own appetites, and by fair and flattering speech they deceive the hearts of the innocent. 19 For while your obedience is known to all, so that I rejoice over you, I want you to be wise as to what is good, and simple as to what is evil; 20 then the God of peace will quickly crush Satan under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus be with you. 21 Timothy, my co-worker, greets you; so do Lucius and Jason and Sosipater, my relatives. 22 I, Tertius, the writer of this letter, greet you in the Lord. 23 Gaius, who is host to me and to the whole church, greets you. Erastus, the city treasurer, and our brother Quartus greet you.

24 twenty four was removed using the new manuscripts

25 Now to him who can strengthen you, according to my gospel and the proclamation of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery kept secret for long ages 26 but now manifested through the prophetic writings and, according to the command of the eternal God, made known to all nations to bring about the obedience of faith, 27 to the only wise God, through Jesus Christ be glory forever and ever. Amen.)

Verses 1-16 are mainly personal greetings.
v1,2.  Phoebe has been a great servant and deserves their support.
v3-5.  Priscilla and Aquila, helpers, really got around. Apparently they have not only worked with Paul in ministry and tent making, but have risked their lives for him. They first met Paul on his second missionary journey, Acts 18;2 where they made tents together. They had come to Corinth  after Claudius decreed all Jews must leave Rome. They were with Paul when he left Corinth, Acts 18:18, but stayed in Ephesus,18:19 when they all stopped there. There they ministered to Apollos, Acts 18:26, and to Paul on his third missionary journey, because they sent greetings to the Corinthian Christians,  in 1 Cor. 16:19. Then they must have soon moved back to Rome to be there at his time, and later back to Ephesus, 2 Tim. 4:19.
v5-16.  Beloved Epaenetus was Paul’s first convert in Asia, the western part of modern day Turkey on his third missionary journey, Acts 19:10. Andronicus and Junias, probably husband and wife are apparently tribal relatives, not necessarily family, and of note among the apostles and have suffered imprisonment with him. Also they were saved before he was. Ampliatus, beloved. Mary, Tryphena, Tryphosa and Persis were laborers , meaning to the point of exhaustion.
Ten women are listed, Priscilla, Mary, Tryphena, Tryphosa, Persis, Rufus’ mother, Nereus’ sister, Junias and Julia.
v10,11. Aristobulus could have been a grandson of Herod the Great, and Herodian may have been from the Herod family, also tribally related to Paul. 
v 13, It can not be determined that Rufus’ mother was Paul’s physical mother. More likely she had been as a mother to him. Rufus might be the son of Simon of Cyrene. Rufus was chosen and Appeles, v10 was approved.
v14. These five names are common names of slaves, and the others with them may have constituted one of the house churches.
v15.  Philologus and Julia may have been a husband wife team, possibly of another house church.
v16. The holy kiss was a carry over from it’s use in the synagogue to express mutual love and equality. Early writers said it was after prayers but before communion. Men saluted men and women saluted women. Health wise and other wise, I prefer our custom of shaking hands. Paul must have spoken of these people in other churches, because they send greetings. Paul had a very personal interest in these people, not a “Hey you” relationship.
Verses 17-20 are words of exhortation warning to avoid those who cause divisions and by smooth talk introduce false doctrines. “Simple”, [not  stupid], innocent and pure. He doesn’t believe these people will be deceived and gives comfort that Satan will be crushed. He said shortly, but it will actually be in the Tribulation.
Verses 21-23 are greetings from individuals to the Romans. Jason and Sosipater again were probably related by tribe. Along with Lucias, they may have been mentioned in Acts 13:1; 17:5-9; 20:4. Tertius was Paul’s stenographer. This was probably the Gaius Paul baptized in 1 Cor. 1:14, not the ones mentioned in Acts 19:29 or Acts 20:4. Quartus was a spiritual brother.
Verses 24- 27 are a benediction. The message of the gospel was hidden in Old Testament prophecies, but now in the Church Age they are made known.  Reveals the mystery that people from all nations may come to Christ. v27, ultimately, all glory and praise goes to God the Father.

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