1 AND Hannah prayed, and said, My heart rejoiceth in the Lord, mine horn is exalted in the Lord: my mouth is enlarged over mine enemies; because I rejoice in thy salvation.
2 There is none holy as the Lord: for there is none beside thee: neither is there any rock like our God.
3 Talk no more so exceeding proudly; let not arrogancy come out of your mouth: for the Lord is a God of knowledge, and by him actions are weighed.
4 The bows of the mighty men are broken, and they that stumbled are girded with strength.
5 They that were full have hired out themselves for bread; and they that were hungry ceased: so that the barren hath born seven; and she that hath many children is waxed feeble.
6 The Lord killeth, and maketh alive: he bringeth down to the grave, and bringeth up.
7 The Lord maketh poor, and maketh rich: he bringeth low, and lifteth up.
8 He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, and lifteth up the beggar from the dunghill, to set them among princes, and to make them inherit the throne of glory: for the pillars of the earth are the Lord’s, and he hath set the world upon them.
9 He will keep the feet of his saints, and the wicked shall be silent in darkness; for by strength shall no man prevail.
10 The adversaries of the Lord shall be broken to pieces; out of heaven shall he thunder upon them: the Lord shall judge the ends of the earth; and he shall give strength unto his king, and exalt the horn of his anointed.
11 And Elkanah went to Ramah to his house. And the child did minister unto the Lord before Eli the priest.
12 Now the sons of Eli were sons of Belial; they knew not the Lord.
13 And the priests’ custom with the people was, that, when any man offered sacrifice, the priest’s servant came, while the flesh was in seething, with a fleshhook of three teeth in his hand;
14 And he struck it into the pan, or kettle, or caldron, or pot; all that the fleshhook brought up the priest took for himself. So they did in Shiloh unto all the Israelites that came thither.
15 Also before they burnt the fat, the priest’s servant came, and said to the man that sacrificed, Give flesh to roast for the priest; for he will not have sodden flesh of thee, but raw.
16 And if any man said unto him, Let them not fail to burn the fat presently, and then take as much as thy soul desireth; then he would answer him, Nay; but thou shalt give it me now: and if not, I will take it by force.
17 Wherefore the sin of the young men was very great before the Lord: for men abhorred the offering of the Lord.
18 But Samuel ministered before the Lord, being a child, girded with a linen ephod.
19 Moreover his mother made him a little coat, and brought it to him from year to year, when she came up with her husband to offer the yearly sacrifice.
20 And Eli blessed Elkanah and his wife, and said, The Lord give thee seed of this woman for the loan which is lent to the Lord. And they went unto their own home.
21 And the Lord visited Hannah, so that she conceived, and bare three sons and two daughters. And the child Samuel grew before the Lord.
22 Now Eli was very old, and heard all that his sons did unto all Israel; and how they lay with the women that assembled at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.
23 And he said unto them, Why do ye such things? for I hear of your evil dealings by all this people.
24 Nay, my sons; for it is no good report that I hear: ye make the Lord’s people to transgress.
25 If one man sin against another, the judge shall judge him: but if a man sin against the Lord, who shall intreat for him? Notwithstanding they hearkened not unto the voice of their father, because the Lord would slay them.
26 And the child Samuel grew on, and was in favour both with the Lord, and also with men.
27 And there came a man of God unto Eli, and said unto him, Thus saith the Lord, Did I plainly appear unto the house of thy father, when they were in Egypt in Pharaoh’s house?
28 And did I choose him out of all the tribes of Israel to be my priest, to offer upon mine altar, to burn incense, to wear an ephod before me? and did I give unto the house of thy father all the offerings made by fire of the children of Israel?
29 Wherefore kick ye at my sacrifice and at mine offering, which I have commanded in my habitation; and honourest thy sons above me, to make yourselves fat with the chiefest of all the offerings of Israel my people?
30 Wherefore the Lord God of Israel saith, I said indeed that thy house, and the house of thy father, should walk before me for ever: but now the Lord saith, Be it far from me; for them that honour me I will honour, and they that despise me shall be lightly esteemed.
31 Behold, the days come, that I will cut off thine arm, and the arm of thy father’s house, that there shall not be an old man in thine house.
32 And thou shalt see an enemy in my habitation, in all the wealth which God shall give Israel: and there shall not be an old man in thine house for ever.
33 And the man of thine, whom I shall not cut off from mine altar, shall be to consume thine eyes, and to grieve thine heart: and all the increase of thine house shall die in the flower of their age.
34 And this shall be a sign unto thee, that shall come upon thy two sons, on Hophni and Phinehas; in one day they shall die both of them.
35 And I will raise me up a faithful priest, that shall do according to that which is in mine heart and in my mind: and I will build him a sure house; and he shall walk before mine anointed for ever.
36 And it shall come to pass, that every one that is left in thine house shall come and crouch to him for a piece of silver and a morsel of bread, and shall say, Put me, I pray thee, into one of the priests’ offices, that I may eat a piece of bread.

1And Hannah prayed, and said, My heart reioyceth in the Lord, mine horne is exalted in the Lord: my mouth is inlarged ouer mine enemies: because I reioyce in thy saluation.

2There is none holy as the Lord: for there is none beside thee: neither is there any Rocke like our God.

3Talke no more so exceeding proudly, let not arrogancie come out of your mouth: for the Lord is a God of knowledge, and by him actions are weighed.

4The vowes of the mightie men are broken, and they that stumbled are girt with strength.

5They that were full, haue hired out themselues for bread: and they that were hungry, ceased: so that the barren hath borne seuen, and she that hath many children, is waxed feeble.

6The Lord killeth and maketh aliue, he bringeth downe to the graue, and bringeth vp.

7The Lord maketh poore, and maketh rich: he bringeth low, and lifteth vp.

8He raiseth vp the poore out of the dust, and lifteth vp the begger from the dunghill, to set them among princes, and to make them inherit the throne of glory: for the pillars of the earth are the Lords, and hee hath set the world vpon them.

9He will keepe the feet of his saints, and the wicked shall bee silent in darkenesse; for by strength shall no man preuaile.

10The aduersaries of the Lord shalbe broken to pieces: out of heauen shal he thunder vpon them: the Lord shall iudge the ends of the earth, and he shal giue strength vnto his king, and exalt the horne of his Anointed.

11And Elkanah went to Ramah to his house, and the child did minister vnto the Lord before Eli the Priest.

12 Now the sonnes of Eli were sonnes of Belial, they knewe not the Lord.

13And the priests custome with the people was, that when any man offred sacrifice, the priestes seruant came, while the flesh was in seething, with a fleshhooke of three teeth in his hand,

14And he strooke it into the panne, or kettle, or caldron, or pot: all that the flesh-hooke brought vp, the priest tooke for himselfe: so they did in Shiloh vnto all the Israelites that came thither.

15Also before they burnt the fat, the priests seruant came, & said to the man that sacrificed, Giue flesh to roste for the priest, for he wil not haue sodden flesh of thee, but raw.

16And if any man said vnto him, Let them not faile to burne the fat presently, and then take as much as thy soule desireth: then hee would answere him, Nay, but thou shalt giue it mee now: and if not, I will take it by force.

17Wherefore the sinne of the yong men was very great before the Lord: for men abhorred the offering of the Lord.

18 But Samuel ministred before the Lord, being a child, girded with a linnen Ephod.

19Moreouer, his mother made him a litle coate, and brought it to him from yeere to yeere, when she came vp with her husband, to offer the yeerely sacrifice.

20 And Eli blessed Elkanah, and his wife, and said, The Lord giue thee seed of this woman, for the loane which is lent to the Lord. And they went vnto their owne home.

21And the Lord visited Hannah, so that shee conceiued, and bare three sonnes, and two daughters: and the child Samuel grew before the Lord.

22 Now Eli was very olde, and heard all that his sonnes did vnto all Israel, and how they lay with the women that assembled at the doore of the Tabernacle of the Congregation

23And he said vnto them, Why doe ye such things? for I heare of your euil dealings, by all this people.

24Nay my sonnes: for it is no good report that I heare; yee make the Lords people to transgresse.

25If one man sinne against another, the Iudge shall iudge him: but if a man sinne against the Lord, who shall intreat for him? Notwithstanding they hearkened not vnto the voice of their father, because the Lord would slay them.

26(And the child Samuel grew on, and was in fauour, both with the Lord, and also with men.)

27 And there came a man of God vnto Eli, and saide vnto him, Thus saith the Lord, Did I plainely appeare vnto the house of thy father, when they were in Egypt in Pharaohs house?

28And did I chuse him out of all the tribes of Israel, to be my Priest, to offer vpon mine altar, to burne incense, to weare an Ephod before me? and did I giue vnto the house of thy father, all the offerings made by fire of the children of Israel?

29Wherefore kicke ye at my sacrifice, and at mine offering, which I haue commaunded in my habitation, and honourest thy sonnes aboue mee, to make your selues fat with the chiefest of all the offrings of Israel my people?

30Wherefore the Lord God of Israel saith, I sayd indeede that thy house, & the house of thy father should walke before me for euer: but now the Lord saith, Be it farre from mee; for them that honour me, I will honour, and they that despise me, shall be lightly esteemed.

31Behold, the dayes come, that I will cut off thine arme, and the arme of thy fathers house, that there shall not be an old man in thine house.

32And thou shalt see an enemie in my habitation, in all the wealth which God shall giue Israel, and there shall not bee an olde man in thine house for euer.

33And the man of thine, whom I shall not cut off from mine Altar, shall be to consume thine eyes, and to grieue thine heart: and all the increase of thine house shall die in the floure of their age.

34And this shall bee a signe vnto thee, that shall come vpon thy two sonnes, on Hophni and Phinehas: in one day they shall die both of them.

35And I will raise me vp a faithfull Priest, that shall doe according to that which is in my heart and in my mind, and I will build him a sure house, and hee shall walke before mine Anointed for euer.

36And it shall come to passe, that euery one that is left in thine house, shal come and crouch to him for a piece of siluer, and a morsel of bread, and shall say, Put me (I pray thee) into one of the Priests offices, that I may eat a piece of bread.

I == Ps 9:14 ; 13:5 ; 20:5 ; 35:9 ; 92:10 ; 112:9 ; Luke 1:46 ; Phil 4:6

II == Ex 15:11 ; Deut 3:24 ; 2nd Sam 22:32 ; Ps 86:8

III == Ps 94:4 ; Mal 3:13 ; Jude 1:15

 

IV == Ps 37:15 , 17 ; 76:3

 

V == Ps 34:10 ; 113:9 ; Isa 54:1 ; Jer 15:9 ; Luke 1:53

 

VI == Deut 32:39 ; Job 5:18 ; Hos 6:1

VII == Job 1:21 ; Ps 75:7

VIII == Job 36:7 ; Ps 24:2 ; 102:25 ; Luke 1:52 ; Heb 1:3

IX == Ps 91:11 ; 121:3

 

 

 

X == 1st Sam 7:10 ; Ps 2:9 ; 18:13 ; 89:24

 

 

XI == 1st Sam 2:18 ; 3:1

 

 

 

XII == Deut 13:13

 

 

 

 

 

 

XV == Lev 3:3-5 , 16

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

XVIII == Ex 28:4 ; 1st Sam 2:11; 2nd Sam 8:14

XIX == 1st Sam 1:3

 

XX == Gen 14:19 ; 1st Sam 1:28

 

 

XXI == Gen 21:1 ; Judg 13:24 ; 1st Sam 2:26 ; 3:19 ; Luke 1:80 ; 2:40

XXII == Ex 38:8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

XXV == Num 15:30 ; Josh 11:20 ; Prov 15:10

 

XXVI == 1st Sam 2:21 ; Prov 3:4 ; Luke 2:52 ; Acts 2:47 ; Rom 14:18

XXVII == Ex 4:14 , 27 ; 1st Kings 13:1

XXVIII == Ex 28:1 , 4 ; Lev 2:3 , 10 ; 6:16 ; 7:7-8 , 34-35 ; Num 5:9-10 ; 16:5

 

 

XXIX == Deut 12:5-6 ; 32:15

 

 

 

XXX == Ex 29:9 ; Ps 18:20 ; 91:14 ; Jer 18:9-10 ; Mal 2:9

 

 

XXXI == 1st Sam 4:11 ; 14:3 ; 1st Kings 2:27 ; Ezek 44:10

XXXII == Zech 8:4

 

 

 

 

 

 

XXXIV == 1st Sam 4:11 ; 1st Kings 13:3

 

XXXV == 2nd Sam 7:11 , 27 ; 1st Kings 2:35 ; 11:38 ; 1st Chr 29:22

XXXVI == 1st Kings 2:27

 

 

1 and as she worshiped the LORD, she said:
"My heart exults in the LORD,
my horn is exalted in my God.
I have swallowed up my enemies;
I rejoice in my victory.

2. There is no Holy One like the LORD;
there in no Rock like our God.

3 "Speak boastfully no longer,
nor let arrogance issue from your mouths.
For an all-knowing God is the LORD,
a God who judges deeds.

4 The bows of the mighty are broken,
while the tottering gird on strength.

5 he well-fed hire themselves out for bread,
while the hungry batten on spoil.
The barren wife bears seven sons, while the mother of many languishes.

6 "The LORD puts to death and gives life;
he casts down to the nether world; he raises up again.

7 The LORD makes poor and makes rich,
he humbles, he also exalts.

8 He raises the needy from the dust;
from the ash heap he lifts up the poor,
To seat them with nobles
and make a glorious throne their heritage.
He gives to the vower his vow,
and blesses the sleep of the just.
"For the pillars of the earth are the LORD'S,
and he has set the world upon them.

9 He will guard the footsteps of his faithful ones,
but the wicked shall perish in the darkness.
For not by strength does man prevail;

10 the LORD'S foes shall be shattered.
The Most High in heaven thunders;
The LORD judges the ends of the earth,
Now may he give strength to his king, and exalt the horn of his anointed!"

11 When Elkanah returned home to Ramah, the child remained in the service of the LORD under the priest Eli.

12 Now the sons of Eli were wicked; they had respect neither for the LORD

13 nor for the priests' duties toward the people. When someone offered a sacrifice, the priest's servant would come with a three-pronged fork, while the meat was still boiling,

14 and would thrust it into the basin, kettle, caldron, or pot. Whatever the fork brought up, the priest would keep. That is how all the Israelites were treated who came to the sanctuary at Shiloh.

15 In fact, even before the fat was burned, the priest's servant would come and say to the man offering the sacrifice, "Give me some meat to roast for the priest. He will not accept boiled meat from you, only raw meat."

16 And if the man protested to him, "Let the fat be burned first as is the custom, then take whatever you wish," he would reply, "No, give it to me now, or else I will take it by force."

17 Thus the young men sinned grievously in the presence of the LORD; they treated the offerings to the LORD with disdain.

18 Meanwhile the boy Samuel, girt with a linen apron, was serving in the presence of the LORD.

19 His mother used to make a little garment for him, which she would bring him each time she went up with her husband to offer the customary sacrifice.

20 And Eli would bless Elkanah and his wife, as they were leaving for home. He would say, "May the LORD repay you with children from this woman for the gift she has made to the LORD!"

21 The LORD favored Hannah so that she conceived and gave birth to three more sons and two daughters, while young Samuel grew up in the service of the LORD.

22 When Eli was very old, he heard repeatedly how his sons were treating all Israel (and that they were having relations with the women serving at the entry of the meeting tent).

23 So he said to them: "Why are you doing such things?

24 No, my sons, you must not do these things! It is not a good report that I hear the people of the LORD spreading about you.

25 If a man sins against another man, one can intercede for him with the LORD; but if a man sins against the LORD, who can intercede for him?" But they disregarded their father's warning, since the LORD had decided on their death.

26 Meanwhile, young Samuel was growing in stature and in worth in the estimation of the LORD and of men.

27 A man of God came to Eli and said to him: "This is what the LORD says: 'I went so far as to reveal myself to your father's family when they were in Egypt as slaves to the house of Pharaoh.

28 I chose them out of all the tribes of Israel to be my priests, to go up to my altar, to burn incense, and to wear the ephod before me; and I assigned all the oblations of the Israelites to your father's family.

29 Why do you keep a greedy eye on my sacrifices and on the offerings which I have prescribed? And why do you honor your sons in preference to me, fattening yourselves with the choicest part of every offering of my people Israel?'

30 This, therefore, is the oracle of the LORD, the God of Israel: 'I said in the past that your family and your father's family should minister in my presence forever. But now,' the LORD declares, 'away with this! for I will honor those who honor me, but those who spurn me shall be accursed.

31 Yes, the time is coming when I will break your strength and the strength of your father's family, so that no man in your family shall reach old age.

32 You shall witness as a disappointed rival all the benefits enjoyed by Israel, but there shall never be an old man in your family.

33 I will permit some of your family to remain at my altar, to wear out their eyes in consuming greed; but the rest of the men of your family shall die by the sword.

34 You shall have a sign in what will happen to your two sons, Hophni and Phinehas: both shall die on the same day.

35 I will choose a faithful priest who shall do what I have in heart and mind. I will establish a lasting house for him which shall function in the presence of my anointed forever.

36 Then whoever is left of your family will come to grovel before him for a piece of silver or a loaf of bread, and will say: Appoint me, I beg you, to a priestly function, that I may have a morsel of bread to eat.'"

v 1,2. Parting from the child was no doubt hard, but it was still a great feeling to perform the vow Hannah had made. She is full and overflowing with gratitude to the Lord for many things, including now being elevated above the other wife who had been an enemy to her. She honors the Lord even above her own blessing. 

v 3. She is able to rebuke the other woman and her children by declaring their former actions will be judged by the Lord. This may also be a rebuke to Philistines.

v 4-8. Hannah eventually had three more sons and two daughters, v 21. The seven  in v 5 refers to her complete satisfaction in bearing Samuel. In 1:8 Elkanahcompared himself to ten sons. She gives the Lord credit for all things mentioned.

 

 

 

 

v 9,10. She states prophetically that the Lord will bless the saints but bring judgment upon the wicked. Then she closes with reference to the anointed, Messiah.

 

v 11. After this time of celebration they return home leaving Samuel with Eli.

 

v 12-17. The priests did as the people, whatever they saw fit “right in their own eyes”. Eli’s evil sons appropriated to themselves choice meat of the offerings which belonged to the Lord. The practice of using a trident to hook meat for themselves actually became a custom, and they demanded meat raw so they could roast it. In doing this, the fat was not burned as commanded by Moses, Lev. 7:31. When they did not heed the people’s protest, the people developed contempt for the offerings.

 

 

 

 

 

 

v 18,19.. Little Samuel wore a linen ephod because he was serving before the Lord, but his mother showed her love and provided for additional needs by bringing him a little cloak at their annual sacrifice. 

 

v 20,21. Eli called upon the Lord to give Elkanah and Hannah additional children since they had loaned Samuel to the Lord, and the Lord blessed accordingly.

 

 

 

v 22-26. Eli was personally a good man, but a poor father, and consequently a poor priest. Canaanites practiced ritual prostitution of women at their temples, and Eli’s sons forced the women who served about the tabernacle into similar immorality. They paid no attention to Eli’s belated  rebuke, so it was in God’s plan to kill them. In contrast, Samuel’s physical and spiritual growth were comparative to that of Jesus as a youth, Lk 2:52.

 

 

 

 

v 27-28. The Lord sent an unnamed prophet to remind Eli what his responsibility had been as a priest, and strongly rebuked him for allowing his sons to to the wrongs concerning the offerings. In permitting this, he was also guilty before God. His failure to enforce the regulations was one reason his sons became so wicked. According to v 29, he also partook of the choice meats they extracted, 12-17.

 

v 29-36. Because Eli had not honored God in this, the priesthood would depart from him and all his descendants would die young. It has been reported by some Jewish writers that the family of Eli rarely lived much over 18 years. So he would know this before he died, God would cause both of his sons to die in one day. This took place in the battle with Philistines, 4:11,17. The first faithful priest God raised up was Samuel, but the faithful priestly line would pass from Abiathar to Zadok, 1 Ki. 2:35. Eli’s descendants would come to him begging for food, and for priestly duties so they could receive offerings in their own right. Ultimately the faithful priest is Christ, Heb. 5:6.