1 And the LORD spake unto Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying,

2This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall bethe first month of the year to you.

3Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to the house of their fathers, a lamb for an house:

4And if the household be too little for the lamb, let him and his neighbour next unto his house take it according to the number of the souls; every man according to his eating shall make your count for the lamb.

5Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year: ye shall take it out from the sheep, or from the goats:

6And ye shall keep it up until the fourteenth day of the same month: and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it in the evening.

7And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it.

8And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.

9Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.

10And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; and that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire.

11And thus shall ye eat it; with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat it in haste: it isthe LORD'S passover.

12For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD.

13And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where ye are: and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and the plague shall not be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt.

14And this day shall be unto you for a memorial; and ye shall keep it a feast to the LORD throughout your generations; ye shall keep it a feast by an ordinance for ever.

15Seven days shall ye eat unleavened bread; even the first day ye shall put away leaven out of your houses: for whosoever eateth leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Israel.

16And in the first day there shall be an holy convocation, and in the seventh day there shall be an holy convocation to you; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done of you.

17And ye shall observe the feast of unleavened bread; for in this selfsame day have I brought your armies out of the land of Egypt: therefore shall ye observe this day in your generations by an ordinance for ever.

18In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at even, ye shall eat unleavened bread, until the one and twentieth day of the month at even.

19Seven days shall there be no leaven found in your houses: for whosoever eateth that which is leavened, even that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he be a stranger, or born in the land.

20Ye shall eat nothing leavened; in all your habitations shall ye eat unleavened bread.

21Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel, and said unto them, Draw out and take you a lamb according to your families, and kill the passover.

22And ye shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the bason, and strike the lintel and the two side posts with the blood that is in the bason; and none of you shall go out at the door of his house until the morning.

23For the LORD will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side posts, the LORD will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you.

24And ye shall observe this thing for an ordinance to thee and to thy sons for ever.

25And it shall come to pass, when ye be come to the land which the LORD will give you, according as he hath promised, that ye shall keep this service.

26And it shall come to pass, when your children shall say unto you, What mean ye by this service?

27That ye shall say, It is the sacrifice of the LORD'S passover, who passed over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt, when he smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses. And the people bowed the head and worshipped.

28And the children of Israel went away, and did as the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.

29And it came to pass, that at midnight the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle.

30And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.

31And he called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, Rise up, andget you forth from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve the LORD, as ye have said.

32Also take your flocks and your herds, as ye have said, and be gone; and bless me also.

33And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, that they might send them out of the land in haste; for they said, We be all dead men.

34And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneadingtroughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.

35And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses; and they borrowed of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment:

36And the LORD gave the people favour in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they lent unto them such things as they required. And they spoiled the Egyptians.

37And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside children.

38And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.

39And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual.

40Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years.

41And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of the LORD went out from the land of Egypt.

42It is a night to be much observed unto the LORD for bringing them out from the land of Egypt: this is that night of the LORD to be observed of all the children of Israel in their generations.

43And the LORD said unto Moses and Aaron, This is the ordinance of the passover: There shall no stranger eat thereof:

44But every man's servant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof.

45A foreigner and an hired servant shall not eat thereof.

46In one house shall it be eaten; thou shalt not carry forth ought of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall ye break a bone thereof.

47All the congregation of Israel shall keep it.

48And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land: for no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.

49One law shall be to him that is homeborn, and unto the stranger that sojourneth among you.

50Thus did all the children of Israel; as the LORD commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.

51And it came to pass the selfsame day, that the LORD did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their armies.

1 And the Lord spake vnto Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying,

2This moneth shalbe vnto you the beginning of moneths: it shall be the first moneth of the yeere to you.

3 Speake ye vnto all the Congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this moneth they shall take to them euery man a lambe, according to the house of their fathers, a lambe for an house.

4And if the houshold be too little for the lambe, let him and his neighbour next vnto his house, take it according to the number of the soules: euery man according to his eating shall make your count for the lambe.

Your lambe shall be without blemish, a male of the first yeere: yee shall take it out from the sheepe or from the goates.

6And ye shall keepe it vp vntill the fourteenth day of the same moneth: and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it in the euening.

7And they shall take of the blood and strike it on the two side postes, and on the vpper doore poste, of the houses wherin they shall eate it.

8And they shall eat the flesh in that night roste with fire, and vnleauened bread, and with bitter herbes they shall eate it.

9Eate not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roste with fire: his head, with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.

10And ye shall let nothing of it remaine vntill the morning: and that which remaineth of it vntill the morning, ye shall burne with fire.

11 And thus shall ye eate it: with your loines girded, your shooes on your feet, and your staffe in your hand: and ye shall eate it in haste: it is the Lords Passeouer.

12For I will passe through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the first borne in the land of Egypt, both man & beast, and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute iudgement: I am the Lord.

13And the blood shall be to you for a token vpon the houses where you are: and when I see the blood, I will passe ouer you, and the plague shall not bee vpon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt.

14And this day shall be vnto you for a memoriall: and you shall keepe in a feast to the Lord, throughout your generations: you shall keepe it a feast by an ordinance for euer.

15Seuen dayes shall ye eate vnleauened bread, euen the first day yee shall put away leauen out of your houses: For whosoeuer eateth leauened bread, from the first day vntil the seuenth day, that soule shall be cut off from Israel.

16And in the first day there shalbe an holy conuocation, and in the seuenth day there shall be an holy conuocation to you: no maner of worke shalbe done in them, saue that which euery man must eate, that onely may bee done of you.

17And yee shall obserue the feast of vnleauened bread: for in this selfe same day haue I brought your armies out of the land of Egypt; therefore shall ye obserue this day in your generations, by an ordinance for euer.

18 In the first moneth, on the fourteenth day of the moneth at euen, ye shall eate vnleauened bread vntill the one and twentieth day of the moneth at euen.

19Seuen dayes shall there bee no leauen found in your houses: for whosoeuer eateth that which is leauened, euen that soule shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he be a stranger, or borne in the land.

20Yee shall eate nothing leauened: in all your habitations shall ye eate vnleauened bread.

21 Then Moses called for all the Elders of Israel, and said vnto them; Draw out and take you a lambe, according to your families, and kill the Passeouer.

22And ye shall take a bunch of hysope, and dip it in the blood that is in the bason, and strike the lintel and the two side postes with the blood that is in the bason: and none of you shall goe out at the doore of his house, vntill the morning.

23For the Lord wil passe through to smite the Egyptians: and when hee seeth the blood vpon the lintel, and on the two side-postes, the Lord will passe ouer the doore, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in vnto your houses to smite you.

24And ye shall obserue this thing for an ordinance to thee, and to thy sonnes for euer.

25And it shall come to passe when yee bee come to the land, which the Lord will giue you, according as he hath promised, that ye shall keepe this seruice.

26And it shall come to passe, when your children shall say vnto you, What meane you by this seruice?

27That ye shall say, It is the sacrifice of the Lords Passeouer, who passed ouer the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt, when he smote the Egyptians, and deliuered our houses. And the people bowed the head, and worshipped.

28And the children of Israel went away, and did as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.

29 And it came to passe that at midnight the Lord smote all the first borne in the land of Egypt, from the first borne of Pharaoh that sate on his throne, vnto the first borne of the captiue that was in the dungeon, and all the first borne of cattell.

30And Pharaoh rose vp in the night, hee and all his seruants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt: for there was not a house, where there was not one dead.

31 And hee called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, Rise vp, and get you forth from amongst my people, both you and the children of Israel: and goe, serue the Lord, as ye haue said.

32Also take your flockes and your heards, as ye haue said: and bee gone, and blesse me also.

33And the Egyptians were vrgent vpon the people that they might send them out of the land in haste: for they said, We be all dead men.

34And the people tooke their dough before it was leauened, their kneading troughes beeing bound vp in their clothes vpon their shoulders.

35And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses: and they borrowed of the Egyptians iewels of siluer, and iewels of gold, and raiment.

36And the Lord gaue the people fauour in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they lent vnto them such things as they required: and they spoiled the Egyptians.

37 And the children of Israel iourneyed from Rameses to Succoth, about sixe hundred thousand on foote that were men, beside children.

38And a mixed multitude went vp also with them, and flocks and heards, euen very much cattell.

39And they baked vnleauened cakes of the dough, which they brought forth out of Egypt; for it was not leauened: because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselues any victuall.

40 Now the soiourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, was foure hundred and thirtie yeeres.

41And it came to passe at the end of the foure hundred and thirtie yeeres, euen the selfe same day it came to passe, that all the hosts of the Lord went out from the land of Egypt.

42It is a night to be much obserued vnto the Lord, for bringing them out from the land of Egypt: This is that night of the Lord to be obserued of all the children of Israel, in their generations.

43 And the Lord saide vnto Moses and Aaron, This is the ordinance of the Passeouer: there shall no stranger eate thereof.

44But euery mans seruant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eate thereof.

45A forreiner, and an hired seruant shall not eate thereof.

46In one house shall it be eaten, thou shalt not carie foorth ought of the flesh abroad out of the house, neither shall ye breake a bone thereof.

47All the Congregation of Israel shall keepe it.

48And when a stranger shall soiourne with thee, and will keepe the Passeouer to the Lord, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come neere, and keepe it: and he shall be as one that is borne in the land: for no vncircumcised person shall eate thereof.

49One law shall be to him that is home-borne, and vnto the stranger that soiourneth among you.

50Thus did all the children of Israel: as the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.

51And it came to passe the selfe same day, that the Lord did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt, by their armies.

II == Ex 13:4 ; Deut 16:1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

V == Lev 22:19-21 ; 23:12 ; Mal 1:8 , 14 ; Heb 9:14 ; 1st Peter 1:19

 

VI == Ex 16:12 ; Lev 23:5 ; Num 9:3 ; 28:16 ; Deut 16:1 , 6 VIII == Ex 34:25 ; Num 9:11 ; Deut 16:3 ; 1st Cor 5:8

 

 

 

 

IX == Deut 16:7

 

 

X == Ex 23:18 ; 34:25

 

 

XI == Deut 16:5

 

 

XII == Ex 6:2 ; 11:4-5 ; 21:6 ; 22:28 ; Num 33:4 ; Ps82:1 , 6 ; Amos 5:17 ; John 10:34-35

 

 

 

 

 

XIV == Ex 12:24 , 43 ; 13:9-10 ; Lev 23:4-5 ; 2nd Kings 23:21

 

 

XV == Gen 17:14 ; Ex 34:18 , 25 ; Lev 23:5-6 ; Num 9:13 ; 28:17 ;Deut 16:3 , 8 ; 1st Cor 5:7

 

XVI == Lev 23:7-8 ; Num 28:18 , 25

 

 

 

XVII == Ex 13:3

 

 

 

 

XVIII == Lev 23:5 ; Num 28:16

 

 

XIX == Ex 23:15 ; 34:18 ; Num 9:13 ; Deut 16:3 ; 1st Cor 5:7-8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

XXII == Ex 12:7 ; Heb 11:28

 

 

 

 

 

XXIII Ex 12:13 ; 2nd Sam 24:16 ; Ezek 9:6 ; 1st Cor 10:10 ; Heb 11:28 ; Rev 7:3 ; 9:4

 

 

 

XXV == Ex 3:8 , 17

 

 

XXVI == Ex 13:8 , 14 ; Deut 32:7 ; Josh 4:6 ; Ps 78:6

 

XXVII == Ex 4:31 ; 12:11

 

 

 

 

XXVIII ==Heb 11:28

XXIX == Ex 4:23 ; 11:4-5 ; Num 8:17 ; 33:4 ; Ps 78:51 ; 105:36

 

 

 

XXX == Ex 11:6 ; Prov 21:13 ; Amos 5:17 ; James 2:13

 

 

XXXI == Ex 10:9 ; 11:1 ; Ps 105:38

 

 

XXXII == Gen 27:34 ; Ex 10:26

 

XXXIII == Gen 20:3 ; Ex 11:8 ; Ps 105:38

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

XXXVI == Gen 15:14 ; Ex 3:21-22 ; 11:3 ; Ps 105:37

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

XXXIX == Ex 6:1 ; 11:1 ; 12:33

 

 

 

XL == Gen 15:13 ; Acts 7:6 ; Gal 3:17

 

XLI == Ex 7:4 ; 12:51

 

 

XLII == Deut 16:6

 

 

 

XLIII == Num 9:14

 

 

XLIV ==Gen 17:12-13

 

 

XLV == Lev 22:10

 

XLVI == Num 9:12 ; John 19:33 , 36

 

 

XLVII == Ex 12:6 ; Num 9:13

 

XLVIII == Num 9:14

XLIX == Num 9:14 ; 15:15-16 ; Gal 3:28

 

 

 

LI == Ex 6:26; 12:41

 

1 The LORD said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt,

2 "This month shall stand at the head of your calendar; you shall reckon it the first month of the year.

3 Tell the whole community of Israel: On the tenth of this month every one of your families must procure for itself a lamb, one apiece for each household.

4 If a family is too small for a whole lamb, it shall join the nearest household in procuring one and shall share in the lamb in proportion to the number of persons who partake of it.

5 The lamb must be a year-old male and without blemish. You may take it from either the sheep or the goats.

6 You shall keep it until the fourteenth day of this month, and then, with the whole assembly of Israel present, it shall be slaughtered during the evening twilight.

7 They shall take some of its blood and apply it to the two doorposts and the lintel of every house in which they partake of the lamb.

8 That same night they shall eat its roasted flesh with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.

9 It shall not be eaten raw or boiled, but roasted whole, with its head and shanks and inner organs.

10 None of it must be kept beyond the next morning; whatever is left over in the morning shall be burned up.

11 "This is how you are to eat it: with your loins girt, sandals on your feet and your staff in hand, you shall eat like those who are in flight. It is the Passover of the LORD.

12 For on this same night I will go through Egypt, striking down every first - born of the land, both man and beast, and executing judgment on all the gods of Egypt-I, the LORD!

13 But the blood will mark the houses where you are. Seeing the blood, I will pass over you; thus, when I strike the land of Egypt, no destructive blow will come upon you.

14 "This day shall be a memorial feast for you, which all your generations shall celebrate with pilgrimage to the LORD, as a perpetual institution.

15 For seven days you must eat unleavened bread. From the very first day you shall have your houses clear of all leaven. Whoever eats leavened bread from the first day to the seventh shall be cut off from Israel.

16 On the first day you shall hold a sacred assembly, and likewise on the seventh. On these days you shall not do any sort of work, except to prepare the food that everyone needs.

17 "Keep, then, this custom of the unleavened bread. Since it was on this very day that I brought your ranks out of the land of Egypt, you must celebrate this day throughout your generations as a perpetual institution.

18 From the evening of the fourteenth day of the first month until the evening of the twenty-first day of this month you shall eat unleavened bread.

19 For seven days no leaven may be found in your houses. Anyone, be he a resident alien or a native, who eats leavened food shall be cut off from the community of Israel.

20 Nothing leavened may you eat; wherever you dwell you may eat only unleavened bread."

21 Moses called all the elders of Israel and said to them, "Go and procure lambs for your families, and slaughter them as Passover victims.

22 Then take a bunch of hyssop, and dipping it in the blood that is in the basin, sprinkle the lintel and the two doorposts with this blood. But none of you shall go outdoors until morning.

23 For the LORD will go by, striking down the Egyptians. Seeing the blood on the lintel and the two doorposts, the LORD will pass over that door and not let the destroyer come into your houses to strike you down.

24 "You shall observe this as a perpetual ordinance for yourselves and your descendants.

25 Thus, you must also observe this rite when you have entered the land which the LORD will give you as he promised.

26 When your children ask you, 'What does this rite of yours mean?'

27 you shall reply, 'This is the Passover sacrifice of the LORD, who passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt; when he struck down the Egyptians, he spared our houses.'" Then the people bowed down in worship,

28 and the Israelites went and did as the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron.

29 At midnight the LORD slew every first-born in the land of Egypt, from the first-born of Pharaoh on the throne to the first-born of the prisoner in the dungeon, as well as all the first-born of the animals.

30 Pharaoh arose in the night, he and all his servants and all the Egyptians; and there was loud wailing throughout Egypt, for there was not a house without its dead.

31 During the night Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, "Leave my people at once, you and the Israelites with you! Go and worship the LORD as you said.

32 Take your flocks, too, and your herds, as you demanded, and be gone; and you will be doing me a favor."

33 The Egyptians likewise urged the people on, to hasten their departure from the land; they thought that otherwise they would all die.

34 The people, therefore, took their dough before it was leavened, in their kneading bowls wrapped in their cloaks on their shoulders.

35 The Israelites did as Moses had commanded: they asked the Egyptians for articles of silver and gold and for clothing.

36 The LORD indeed had made the Egyptians so well-disposed toward the people that they let them have whatever they asked for. Thus did they despoil the Egyptians.

37 The Israelites set out from Rameses for Succoth, about six hundred thousand men on foot, not counting the children.

38 A crowd of mixed ancestry also went up with them, besides their livestock, very numerous flocks and herds.

39 Since the dough they had brought out of Egypt was not leavened, they baked it into unleavened loaves. They had been rushed out of Egypt and had no opportunity even to prepare food for the journey.

40 The time the Israelites had stayed in Egypt was four hundred and thirty years.

41 At the end of four hundred and thirty years, all the hosts of the LORD left the land of Egypt on this very date.

42 This was a night of vigil for the LORD, as he led them out of the land of Egypt; so on this same night all the Israelites must keep a vigil for the LORD throughout their generations.

43 The LORD said to Moses and Aaron, "These are the regulations for the Passover. No foreigner may partake of it.

44 However, any slave who has been bought for money may partake of it, provided you have first circumcised him.

45 But no transient alien or hired servant may partake of it.

46 It must be eaten in one and the same house; you may not take any of its flesh outside the house. You shall not break any of its bones.

47 The whole community of Israel must keep this feast.

48 If any aliens living among you wish to celebrate the Passover of the LORD, all the males among them must first be circumcised, and then they may join in its observance just like the natives. But no man who is uncircumcised may partake of it.

49 The law shall be the same for the resident alien as for the native."

50 All the Israelites did just as the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron.

51 On that same day the LORD brought the Israelites out of Egypt company by company.

v 1,2. Some of the narrative here had taken place a few days earlier. Hebrews reckon time by lunar months which begin with a new moon. Thus the 14th day of the month on which the Passover was celebrated was always on a full moon. It is to be the first month in Israel’s calendar and called Abib, or “fresh young ears” (of barley). which were harvested in March-April. During the captivities the Babylonians renamed four of the months, and this one was named Nisan (Neh. 2:1; Es. 3:7) meaning early or start. As this was a new year for them, so all things become new for believers, 2 Cor. 5:17.

v 3-6. Obviously the sacrificial lambs had been separated four days before the death of the first born, possibly while the rest of Egypt was groping in the darkness. Families were to get together if need be to have enough to consume a lamb. It was to be without blemish, a picture of the Lord Jesus Christ, 1 Pet. 1:19,20. This is the first time Israel is spoken of as a nation.

 

v 7. Putting the blood on and over the door posts was an important part of faith. It was only if the blood was there that the death angel would pass over. It is only by faith in the shed blood of Christ that we can have salvation.

 

v 8-11. The lamb was to be killed between 3 and 5 PM, was only to be roasted, and eaten with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. The lamb was killed instead of their first born. Leaven was a type of sin and it’s omission indicated living a separated life. The bitter herbs, including endive, chicory, and dandelions, were a reminder of their suffering in Egypt and pictured the suffering Christ would undergo for us. The lamb was to be dressed, the inward parts refer to the inward portion eaten, not the entrails. Some believe the lamb was dressed with the head and legs intact. Some think the entrails were removed, washed and replaced, Very important that any remnants be burned and since the bread had no time to rise, they eat fully clothed and ready to leave in haste. The Passover is typical of Christ our Redeemer as follows:
a. The lamb must be without blemish and kept up four days to test it, Ex. 12:5,6.
Christ’s life under public scrutiny proved His holiness, Lk. 11:53,54; Jn. 18:38 .
b. The lamb after testing must be slain, Ex. 12:6; Jn. 12:24; Heb. 9:22.
c. The blood must be applied Ex. 12:7
Compared to appropriation by faith, and not a universal salvation, Jn. 3:36.
d. Application of the blood alone without any addition supplied perfect protection
from judgment, Ex. 12:13; Heb. 10:10, 14; 1 Jn. 1:7.
e. The feast is a type of Christ, the Bread of life seen in the memorial supper, Mt. 12:26-28; 1 Cor. 11:23-26. (The feast was commanded but was not a condition of safety without the blood. Believers in Christ are saved by His blood and are strengthened by daily feasting on the Word, Christ the written Word.)

 

v 12,13. It was only male first born that were slain. The lamb’s blood on the door posts was a token or sign, and when the Lord saw it, He would pass over that house. Heb. 9:22 Without the shedding of blood there is no remission. 

 

v 14-20. These verses show how the Passover is to be a memorial of redemption for Israel. It is sometimes called “The Feast of Unleavened Bread, or simply, “The Feast” and lasted 7 days after the sacrifice. It began with the exclusion of leaven from the home. (Later children made a game of going about the house with a lighted candle searching for leaven. Then every corner of the house was swept to make sure.) Leaven is a type of sin, and this week of abstinence represents how believers are to remove sin out of their lives after salvation. At the Lord’s Supper, Christ would have been obliged to use unleavened bread, so I feel it is fitting we use unleavened bread at our communion services. The Passover looked back to deliverance from Egypt and forward to the cross. Lord’s Supper looks back to the cross, forward to Christ’s coming. Deliverance <-------Passover------->Cross <-------Lord’s Supper-------> Christ’s Coming Anyone eating leaven during these days was to be cut off, or excluded. (In some cases it meant to be killed.) In 12:44-48, Gentles could partake if they became circumcised.

 

v 21-28. This gives more detail on killing the lamb and applying the blood, with the added provision that they were to continue this service specifically when they “come to the land”. (Only one, 2 times, recorded in the wilderness, Num. 9:1-13, shortly after the erection of the tabernacle, compare Ex. 40:17.) This would be a means of teaching their children how the Lord had smitten the Egyptians and delivered Israel. The people responded by worshiping and obeying. (The blood was applied to the door only in Egypt. After that it was offered on the altar and the flesh eaten in their homes nearby, but leaven was removed from every home. The blood left on Israelite doors in Egypt may have reminded the Egyptians of God’s great judgment on them, deliverance for Israel.)

 

 

 

v 29,30. The Lord smote every first born male of man and beast throughout Egypt at midnight, but none of Israel because they believed and applied the blood.

 

 

 

v 31-32. Pharaoh actually orders Moses to take the people without restriction. He was considered a god, but now humbles himself to seek blessing from the true God, however, without repentance.

 

 

 

v 33-36. The Egyptians were afraid they would all die if the Israelites stayed any longer, so when those in the vicinity were asked for valuables, they probably gave more than asked, “Just leave!”. This great booty was wages for 400 years of slavery. The Israelites stood to eat, maybe with packs already on their backs, leaving hastily. At least the bags were packed with the dough already in the bread pans.

 

 

 

 

v 37-39. The 70 who entered were now 603,550, Ex. 38:26 and Num. 1:46. plus women and children. No doubt between 2 and 3 million total. The added mixed multitude were Egyptians, perhaps from intermarriage, or who had been drawn by the divine power they had witnessed, but without a change of heart. They would compare to today’s unconverted church members. If each family had a couple of cows and three or four sheep or goats, they are also in the millions. This is a hurried escape with no time for bread to rise or prepare other foods.
Succoth is now Sucrah(?sp) Succoth means shelters, as Jacob built a place for his livestock and himself on his way back to the land of promise, Gen. 33:17. The people had to stop here to pick up the bones of Joseph as promised, Gen 50:25 Ex 13:19. This was an ideal assembly point, because people from various nations had come here to buy grain from Joseph. According to Rood, people entered the big building and walked between the twenty 9x12 cubicles to find the one where their language was spoken. After the transaction, they walked on through to the grain bins. They measured 50x90 feet and were 100 feet deep. These emptied into larger ones below. (The Egyptians don’t know what they are for,) Beyond this was the big building for Joseph and others. Inscriptions are shown of people coming and going for grain.

 

v 40-42. The 400 years mentioned elsewhere is in round numbers. (Josephus counts this as the entire time since entering Canaan, about half of it being in Egypt. I question if that would allow for this great increase in population.) This night of haste was to be greatly remembered, not even a dog barked at them, Ex. 11:7. It is probable that being a military leader, Moses had already given some instruction about an orderly exit, see v 51. Josephus indicates he had already arranged them by tribes. There may have been some house swapping and sharing to facilitate this.

 

v 43--51. This repetition of instruction may have been because of the mixed multitude who were joining them. A foreigner or hired servant could not eat of the Passover unless they became circumcised and ceremonially a part of Israel. It is reminded that a lamb was to be eaten in one house, but others could come in to partake with them. V 46 is typical of Christ, who did not have any bone broken.