1 THEN Pilate therefore took Jesus, and scourged him.
2 And the soldiers platted a crown of thorns, and put it on his head, and they put on him a purple robe,
3 And said, Hail, King of the Jews! and they smote him with their hands.
4 Pilate therefore went forth again, and saith unto them, Behold, I bring him forth to you, that ye may know that I find no fault in him.
5 Then came Jesus forth, wearing the crown of thorns, and the purple robe. And Pilate saith unto them, Behold the man!
6 When the chief priests therefore and officers saw him, they cried out, saying, Crucify him, crucify him. Pilate saith unto them, Take ye him, and crucify him: for I find no fault in him.
7 The Jews answered him, We have a law, and by our law he ought to die, because he made himself the Son of God.
8 When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he was the more afraid;
9 And went again into the judgment hall, and saith unto Jesus, Whence art thou? But Jesus gave him no answer.
10 Then saith Pilate unto him, Speakest thou not unto me? knowest thou not that I have power to crucify thee, and have power to release thee?
11 Jesus answered, Thou couldest have no power at all against me, except it were given thee from above: therefore he that delivered me unto thee hath the greater sin.
12 And from thenceforth Pilate sought to release him: but the Jews cried out, saying, If thou let this man go, thou art not Cæsar’s friend: whosoever maketh himself a king speaketh against Cæsar.
13 When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he brought Jesus forth, and sat down in the judgment seat in a place that is called the Pavement, but in the Hebrew, Gabbatha.
14 And it was the preparation of the passover, and about the sixth hour: and he saith unto the Jews, Behold your King!
15 But they cried out, Away with him, away with him, crucify him. Pilate saith unto them, Shall I crucify your King? The chief priests answered, We have no king but Cæsar.
16 Then delivered he him therefore unto them to be crucified. And they took Jesus, and led him away.
17 And he bearing his cross went forth into a place called the place of a skull, which is called in the Hebrew Golgotha:
18 Where they crucified him, and two other with him, on either side one, and Jesus in the midst.
19 And Pilate wrote a title, and put it on the cross. And the writing was, JESUS OF NAZARETH THE KING OF THE JEWS.
20 This title then read many of the Jews: for the place where Jesus was crucified was nigh to the city: and it was written in Hebrew, and Greek, and Latin.
21 Then said the chief priests of the Jews to Pilate, Write not, The King of the Jews; but that he said, I am King of the Jews.
22 Pilate answered, What I have written I have written.
23 Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments, and made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also his coat: now the coat was without seam, woven from the top throughout.
24 They said therefore among themselves, Let us not rend it, but cast lots for it, whose it shall be: that the scripture might be fulfilled, which saith, They parted my raiment among them, and for my vesture they did cast lots. These things therefore the soldiers did.
25 Now there stood by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene.
26 When Jesus therefore saw his mother, and the disciple standing by, whom he loved, he saith unto his mother, Woman, behold thy son!
27 Then saith he to the disciple, Behold thy mother! And from that hour that disciple took her unto his own home.
28 After this, Jesus knowing that all things were now accomplished, that the scripture might be fulfilled, saith, I thirst.
29 Now there was set a vessel full of vinegar: and they filled a spunge with vinegar, and put it upon hyssop, and put it to his mouth.
30 When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, It is finished: and he bowed his head, and gave up the ghost.
31 The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not remain upon the cross on the sabbath day, (for that sabbath day was an high day,) besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away.
32 Then came the soldiers, and brake the legs of the first, and of the other which was crucified with him.
33 But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs:
34 But one of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side, and forthwith came there out blood and water.
35 And he that saw it bare record, and his record is true: and he knoweth that he saith true, that ye might believe.
36 For these things were done, that the scripture should be fulfilled, A bone of him shall not be broken.
37 And again another scripture saith, They shall look on him whom they pierced.
38 And after this Joseph of Arimathæa, being a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews, besought Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus: and Pilate gave him leave. He came therefore, and took the body of Jesus.
39 And there came also Nicodemus, which at the first came to Jesus by night, and brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about an hundred pound weight.
40 Then took they the body of Jesus, and wound it in linen clothes with the spices, as the manner of the Jews is to bury.
41 Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden; and in the garden a new sepulchre, wherein was never man yet laid.
42 There laid they Jesus therefore because of the Jews’ preparation day; for the sepulchre was nigh at hand.

1Then Pilate therfore tooke Iesus, and scourged him.

2And the souldiers platted a crowne of thornes, and put it on his head, and they put on him a purple robe,

3And said, Haile king of the Iewes: and they smote him with their hands.

4Pilate therefore went foorth againe, and saith vnto them, Behold, I bring him foorth to you, that yee may know that I find no fault in him.

5Then came Iesus forth, wearing the crowne of thornes, and the purple robe: and Pilate saith vnto them, Behold the man.

6When the chiefe Priests therefore and officers saw him, they cried out, saying, Crucifie him, crucifie him. Pilate saith vnto them, Take ye him, and crucifie him: for I find no fault in him.

7The Iewes answered him, We haue a law, and by our law he ought to die, because hee made himselfe the Son of God.

8 When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he was the more afraid,

9And went againe into the iudgement hall, & saith vnto Iesus, Whence art thou? But Iesus gaue him no answere.

10Then saith Pilate vnto him, Speakest thou not vnto me? Knowest thou not, that I haue power to crucifie thee, and haue power to release thee?

11Iesus answered, Thou couldest haue no power at all against me, except it were giuen thee from aboue: therfore he that deliuered me vnto thee, hath the greater sinne.

12And from thencefore Pilate sought to release him: but the Iewes cried out, saying, If thou let this man goe, thou art not Cesars friend: whosoeuer maketh himselfe a king, speaketh against Cesar.

13 When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he brought Iesus foorth, and sate downe in the iudgement seate, in a place that is called the pauement, but in the Hebrew, Gabbatha.

14And it was the preparation of the Passeouer, and about the sixt houre: and he saith vnto the Iewes, Beholde your King.

15But they cried out, Away with him, away with him, crucifie him. Pilate saith vnto them, Shall I crucifie your King? The chiefe Priests answered, Wee haue no king but Cesar.

16Then deliuered he him therfore vnto them to be crucified: and they took Iesus, and led him away.

17And he bearing his crosse, went foorth into a place called the place of a skull, which is called in the Hebrewe, Golgotha:

18Where they crucified him, and two other with him, on either side one, and Iesus in the middest.

19 And Pilate wrote a title, and put it on the crosse. And the writing was, IESVS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE IEWES.

20This title then read many of the Iewes: for the place where Iesus was crucified, was nigh to the citie, and it was written in Hebrewe, and Greeke, and Latine.

21Then said the chiefe Priests of the Iewes to Pilate, Write not, The king of the Iewes: but that he said, I am King of the Iewes.

22Pilate answered, What I haue written, I haue written.

23 Then the souldiers, when they had crucified Iesus, tooke his garments, (and made foure parts, to euery souldier a part) and also his coat: Now the coate was without seame, wouen from the top thorowout.

24They said therefore among themselues, Let not vs rent it, but cast lots for it, whose it shall bee: that the Scripture might bee fulfilled, which saith, They parted my raiment among them, and for my vesture they did cast lots. These things therefore the souldiers did.

25 Now there stood by the crosse of Iesus, his mother, and his mothers sister, Mary the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene.

26When Iesus therefore saw his mother, and the disciple standing by, whom he loued, he saith vnto his mother, Woman, behold thy sonne.

27Then saith he to the disciple, Behold thy mother. And from that houre that disciple tooke her vnto his owne home.

28 After this, Iesus knowing that all things were now accomplished, that the Scripture might be fulfilled, saith, I thirst.

29Now there was set a vessell, full of vineger: And they filled a spunge with vineger, and put it vpon hyssope, and put it to his mouth.

30When Iesus therefore had receiued the vineger, he said, It is finished, and he bowed his head, and gaue vp the ghost.

31The Iewes therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not remaine vpon the Crosse on the Sabbath day (for that Sabbath day was an high day) besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away.

32Then came the souldiers, and brake the legs of the first, and of the other, which was crucified with him.

33But when they came to Iesus, and saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs.

34But one of the souldiers with a speare pierced his side, and forthwith came there out blood and water.

35And he that saw it, bare record, and his record is true, and he knoweth that hee saith true, that yee might beleeue.

36For these things were done, that the Scripture should be fulfilled, A bone of him shall not be broken.

37And againe another Scripture saith, They shall looke on him whom they piersed.

38 And after this, Ioseph of Arimathea (being a disciple of Iesus, but secretly for feare of the Iewes) besought Pilate that he might take away the body of Iesus, and Pilate gaue him leaue: he came therefore, and tooke the body of Iesus.

39And there came also Nicodemus, which at the first came to Iesus by night, and brought a mixture of myrrhe and aloes, about an hundred pound weight.

40Then tooke they the body of Iesus, & wound it in linnen clothes, with the spices, as the maner of the Iewes is to burie:

41Now in the place where he was crucified, there was a garden, and in the garden a new Sepulchre, wherein was neuer man yet layd.

42There laid they Iesus therefore, because of the Iewes preparation day, for the Sepulchre was nigh at hand.

 

1 Then Pilate took Jesus and had him scourged. 2 And the soldiers wove a crown out of thorns and placed it on his head, and clothed him in a purple cloak, 3 and they came to him and said, "Hail, King of the Jews!" And they struck him repeatedly. 4 Once more Pilate went out and said to them, "Look, I am bringing him out to you, so that you may know that I find no guilt in him." 5 So Jesus came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple cloak. And he said to them, "Behold, the man!" 6 When the chief priests and the guards saw him they cried out, "Crucify him, crucify him!" Pilate said to them, "Take him yourselves and crucify him. I find no guilt in him." 7 The Jews answered, "We have a law, and according to that law he ought to die, because he made himself the Son of God." 8 Now when Pilate heard this statement, he became even more afraid, 9 and went back into the praetorium and said to Jesus, "Where are you from?" Jesus did not answer him. 10 So Pilate said to him, "Do you not speak to me? Do you not know that I have power to release you and I have power to crucify you?" 11 Jesus answered (him), "You would have no power over me if it had not been given to you from above. For this reason the one who handed me over to you has the greater sin." 12 Consequently, Pilate tried to release him; but the Jews cried out, "If you release him, you are not a Friend of Caesar. Everyone who makes himself a king opposes Caesar." 13 When Pilate heard these words he brought Jesus out and seated him on the judge's bench in the place called Stone Pavement, in Hebrew, Gabbatha. 14 It was preparation day for Passover, and it was about noon. And he said to the Jews, "Behold, your king!" 15 They cried out, "Take him away, take him away! Crucify him!" Pilate said to them, "Shall I crucify your king?" The chief priests answered, "We have no king but Caesar." 16 Then he handed him over to them to be crucified. So they took Jesus, 17 and carrying the cross himself he went out to what is called the Place of the Skull, in Hebrew, Golgotha. 18 There they crucified him, and with him two others, one on either side, with Jesus in the middle. 19 Pilate also had an inscription written and put on the cross. It read, "Jesus the Nazorean, the King of the Jews." 20 Now many of the Jews read this inscription, because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek. 21 So the chief priests of the Jews said to Pilate, "Do not write 'The King of the Jews,' but that he said, 'I am the King of the Jews.'" 22 Pilate answered, "What I have written, I have written." 23 When the soldiers had crucified Jesus, they took his clothes and divided them into four shares, a share for each soldier. They also took his tunic, but the tunic was seamless, woven in one piece from the top down. 24 So they said to one another, "Let's not tear it, but cast lots for it to see whose it will be," in order that the passage of scripture might be fulfilled (that says): "They divided my garments among them, and for my vesture they cast lots." This is what the soldiers did. 25 Standing by the cross of Jesus were his mother and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary of Magdala. 26 When Jesus saw his mother and the disciple there whom he loved, he said to his mother, "Woman, behold, your son." 27 Then he said to the disciple, "Behold, your mother." And from that hour the disciple took her into his home. 28 After this, aware that everything was now finished, in order that the scripture might be fulfilled, Jesus said, "I thirst." 29 There was a vessel filled with common wine. So they put a sponge soaked in wine on a sprig of hyssop and put it up to his mouth. 30 When Jesus had taken the wine, he said, "It is finished." And bowing his head, he handed over the spirit. 31 Now since it was preparation day, in order that the bodies might not remain on the cross on the sabbath, for the sabbath day of that week was a solemn one, the Jews asked Pilate that their legs be broken and they be taken down. 32 So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first and then of the other one who was crucified with Jesus. 33 But when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs, 34 but one soldier thrust his lance into his side, and immediately blood and water flowed out. 35 An eyewitness has testified, and his testimony is true; he knows that he is speaking the truth, so that you also may (come to) believe. 36 For this happened so that the scripture passage might be fulfilled: "Not a bone of it will be broken." 37 And again another passage says: "They will look upon him whom they have pierced." 38 After this, Joseph of Arimathea, secretly a disciple of Jesus for fear of the Jews, asked Pilate if he could remove the body of Jesus. And Pilate permitted it. So he came and took his body. 39 Nicodemus, the one who had first come to him at night, also came bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes weighing about one hundred pounds. 40 They took the body of Jesus and bound it with burial cloths along with the spices, according to the Jewish burial custom. 41 Now in the place where he had been crucified there was a garden, and in the garden a new tomb, in which no one had yet been buried. 42 So they laid Jesus there because of the Jewish preparation day; for the tomb was close by.

v 1-3. In an attempt at compromise, Pilate had Jesus beaten with bits of metal tied at the ends of a leather whip. Some died from this plowing on His back, Ps. 129:3, and as it wrapped around the victim, some were even disemboweled.  Roman soldiers hated Jews as much as they hated them, and were glad to mock Him with the robe and crown of thorns, which they beat down on His head when they punched and spit on Him. (The thorns may have been palm thorns - in mockery of palms cast before Him.)
v 4-7. Pilate thought sight of the pathetic figure would appease the Jews, and two times declared Him innocent,  but they had been driven into a blood thirsty frenzy by the chief priests and officers. When Pilate said “Behold the (bloody) Man, the “wolves” only thirsted more blood. They insisted on death for blasphemy, Lev. 24:16. 19:7  Jesus was crucified because He claimed to be the Son of God.
v 8,9. The words that Jesus was the Son of God, along with his wife’s warning, Mt. 27:19, pagan Pilate thought Jesus was some kind of man-god and was afraid. Not only did Pilate fear superstitious gods, but feared Jesus’ wrath if he upheld a different god than theirs. He took Jesus aside for more questions, but  Jesus patiently withheld plain answer, knowing Pilate might have released a god, but Jesus had come to die.
v 10,11. Frustrated, Pilate said he had power to release Him, which he should have done, but actually, he was subject to a higher power, God. While Pilate was guilty, Caiaphas was trained in the Scripture but rejected them, so his sin was greater.

V 12-16 The Sentence Pronounced

According to Kk 15:25 Jesus was crucified at the third hour, this would be 9 a.m.

v 12. All factors considered, Pilate was convicted that he should release this man who was innocent, so the Jews resorted to threat of impeachment for treason.
v 13. Pilate already was in some trouble with Tiberias Caesar, so rather than risk losing his job or worse, he caved in and prepared to only make one more weak plea. Pavement or Gabbatha simply meant an elevated place, or platform of stones. He had apparently gone back into the Praetorium, or Palace and brought Jesus out.  
v 14. John uses Roman time starting at midnight and noon, so this is only 9 AM,   and accounts for Pilate's disgust. The Passover had been served the evening before, so this is another preparation during Passover week, Preparation of the Sabbath, which makes this Sabbath a “high day”, as explained in 19:31. Also, Lk. 22:7 and Mk. 14:12 explain the day of Unleavened Bread was the day on which the Passover lamb had to be slain, and Jesus sent Peter and John out to prepare it. Then of course they were to eat it that evening. Don’t confuse this with the Feast of Unleavened Bread, which began the day after the Passover. Pilate presented Jesus in bloody, brutalized condition, a last feeble attempt to cause the Jews to change their minds. It was illegal to crucify a man who had been scourged, so Pilate could have used that as an excuse.
v 15. God was supposed to be Jew’s king, 1 Sam. 12:12. With those words, Jews claimed loyalty to Rome, officially and completely repudiating, and nationally still repudiate, their Messiah. They probably would have claimed Him king if He had tried to overthrow Rome. When they rejected Jesus,  the scepter departed from Judah temporarily till Shiloh come permanently. Within 40 years many were slaughtered by Rome’s king, and for centuries have lived under Gentile treatment.
v 16. The sixth trial of Jesus ends with Pilate delivering an innocent man to die.  For fuller details on the trials and crucifixion, see comments on Mt. 26 and 27.
v 17,18. Jesus carried His own cross, fulfilling the type of Isaac carrying the wood for his own sacrifice, Gen. 22:1-6. Rock formation at Golgotha resembles a skull. Jesus crucified between two thieves fulfills Isa. 53:12.
v 19-22. Pilate retaliated by having written so unmistakably that Jesus was king of the Jews. They could no longer harm him with political blackmail, so he had the last laugh so to speak. However, in that declaration, he sealed his own future judgment.
v 23,24. Romans crucified their victims naked, but Jews rebelled at that so much that about this time they made concession of covering them with a loin cloth. Either way, they divided the garments, casting lots for the seamless undergarment, Ps. 22:18.
v 25-27. It is unthinkable that Jesus’ half brothers and sisters were not at the Passover, but as yet they didn’t believe, and may have been  distancing themselves from Him. The apostle, John, readily responded and took Jesus’ mother to his home.
v 28,28. Jesus’ thirst fulfills Ps. 43:1,2; 63:1. A stalk of hyssop was used to hold the sponge, perhaps reminding of hyssop used to put blood over the doors, Ex. 12:22.
v 30. The words, “It is finished”, were words of victory that the work of redemption was finished. The Greeks use just one word for that whole statement, the word “testelestai”. Greek receipts have written across them, “testelestai”, meaning “Paid in full.” Jesus paid our sin debt in full. He bowed His head and died of His own will. He had power to lay his life down and take it again,10:18.
v 31,32. It was against Jewish Law to leave a body hanging overnight, Deut. 21:22,23, and since this was the preparation day for the Sabbath, it was even more important, so they asked for the legs of the victims to be broken. The breaking of the bones in the lower legs was called “crurifragium”, which caused death to occur more quickly, because they could not straighten up to allow air to get into their sagging lungs. Jesus’ legs were not broken, Ps. 34:20, but His side pierced,  Zech. 12:10. 
v 33,34. When blood and water came from Jesus’ pierced side, it gave another proof of His humanity. Blood and serum would have accumulated in the pericardium of His heart, but it is stretching a point to say, as the song, “He died of a broken heart”. He gave His life. He had power to lay it down and take it up again, Jn 10:18.
v 35-37. John was a true eye witness of these things. Other comments v 31-34. .
v 38-40. Joseph and Nicodemus were well to do believers who were still in the Sanhedrin, and may not have even known of the first trials. There is no conflict between verses 38-40 and Mark 16:1. Nicodemus brought a mixture of spices in granular and powder form which he and Joseph of Arimathaea wrapped in with the cloths, possibly as a paste, before Jesus was buried. Ordinarily the cloth would set up like papier mache when dry. The large amount, 75 pounds, indicates they probably also put some on the slab before the body was laid on it. The women in Mark brought spices in liquid form which they intended to drizzle onto the cloths to anoint the body of Jesus first thing Sunday morning.
v 41,42. The burial was in a private garden in Joseph’s own new tomb, not a cemetery. He was with the rich in His death, Isa. 53:9. All who handled the body of Jesus were unclean and could not partake of the remaining Unleavened Bread feasts.

See added thoughts on next page.

 

 

Some of the humiliations of Christ’s crucifixion:
False accusation (a simple accusation of using two paper towels WW2.)
Slapped (great insult, especially to Jews)
Rejection by His own nation
Appeared to be a failure
Forsaken by His Father
Disgrace of crucifixion, possibly naked
A death reserved for criminals and slaves
Suffering and sin bearing.

 

Pilate’s steps downward are as follows:
18:38  “No fault in Him”
18:39  Compromise - Release Jesus or Barabbas
19:1 Scourged Jesus
19:2,3  Let soldiers mock Him, probably in royal robe
19:4  “No fault in Him”
19:5  Exposed Jesus in robe, thorn crown and blood
19:6  “No fault in Him”
19:10  Pilate admitted he could release Jesus
19:11  Jesus told him the power was from above
19:12  Sought to release Him (also remembered wife’s dream) but feared his other mistakes would be reported to Caesar
19;13  Tried to manipulate, calling Him their king
19:15  Again tried to shame them, “Your King”. (Matt. 27:24 Washed his hands of the matter. “His blood be on us and our children.”
19:16 Pilate had been in and out seven times, finally delivered Him for crucifixion.

Pilate’s decision can be illustrated with a pie entitled, “For whom shall i decide”.
Divide a small section, “For Others”, another small section, “For God”, and a very large section, “Me”.