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Deuteronomy 15
AT the end of every seven years thou shalt make a release.
2 And this is the manner of the release: Every creditor that lendeth ought unto his neighbour shall release it; he shall not exact it of his neighbour, or of his brother; because it is called the Lord’s release.
3 Of a foreigner thou mayest exact it again: but that which is thine with thy brother thine hand shall release;
4 Save when there shall be no poor among you; for the Lord shall greatly bless thee in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee for an inheritance to possess it:
5 Only if thou carefully hearken unto the voice of the Lord thy God, to observe to do all these commandments which I command thee this day.
6 For the Lord thy God blesseth thee, as he promised thee: and thou shalt lend unto many nations, but thou shalt not borrow; and thou shalt reign over many nations, but they shall not reign over thee.
7 If there be among you a poor man of one of thy brethren within any of thy gates in thy land which the Lord thy God giveth thee, thou shalt not harden thine heart, nor shut thine hand from thy poor brother:
8 But thou shalt open thine hand wide unto him, and shalt surely lend him sufficient for his need, in that which he wanteth.
9 Beware that there be not a thought in thy wicked heart, saying, The seventh year, the year of release, is at hand; and thine eye be evil against thy poor brother, and thou givest him nought; and he cry unto the Lord against thee, and it be sin unto thee.
10 Thou shalt surely give him, and thine heart shall not be grieved when thou givest unto him: because that for this thing the Lord thy God shall bless thee in all thy works, and in all that thou puttest thine hand unto.
11 For the poor shall never cease out of the land: therefore I command thee, saying, Thou shalt open thine hand wide unto thy brother, to thy poor, and to thy needy, in thy land.
12 And if thy brother, an Hebrew man, or an Hebrew woman, be sold unto thee, and serve thee six years; then in the seventh year thou shalt let him go free from thee.
13 And when thou sendest him out free from thee, thou shalt not let him go away empty:
14 Thou shalt furnish him liberally out of thy flock, and out of thy floor, and out of thy winepress: of that wherewith the Lord thy God hath blessed thee thou shalt give unto him.
15 And thou shalt remember that thou wast a bondman in the land of Egypt, and the Lord thy God redeemed thee: therefore I command thee this thing to day.
16 And it shall be, if he say unto thee, I will not go away from thee; because he loveth thee and thine house, because he is well with thee;
17 Then thou shalt take an aul, and thrust it through his ear unto the door, and he shall be thy servant for ever. And also unto thy maidservant thou shalt do likewise.
18 It shall not seem hard unto thee, when thou sendest him away free from thee; for he hath been worth a double hired servant to thee, in serving thee six years: and the Lord thy God shall bless thee in all that thou doest.
19 All the firstling males that come of thy herd and of thy flock thou shalt sanctify unto the Lord thy God: thou shalt do no work with the firstling of thy bullock, nor shear the firstling of thy sheep.
20 Thou shalt eat it before the Lord thy God year by year in the place which the Lord shall choose, thou and thy household.
21 And if there be any blemish therein, as if it be lame, or blind, or have any ill blemish, thou shalt not sacrifice it unto the Lord thy God.
22 Thou shalt eat it within thy gates: the unclean and the clean person shall eat it alike, as the roebuck, and as the hart.
23 Only thou shalt not eat the blood thereof; thou shalt pour it upon the ground as water.
1 At the end of euery seuen yeeres thou shalt make a release.
2 And this is the maner of the release: Euery creditour that lendeth ought vnto his neighbour, shall release it: hee shall not exact it of his neighbour, or of his brother, because it is called the Lords release.
3 Of a forreiner thou mayest exact it againe: but that which is thine with thy brother, thine hand shall release.
4 Saue when there shall bee no poore among you: for the Lord shal greatly blesse thee in the land which the Lord thy God giueth thee for an inheritance to possesse it:
5 Onely if thou carefully hearken vnto the voice of the Lord thy God, to obserue to doe all these commandedements, which I commaund thee this day.
6 For the Lord thy God blesseth thee, as he promised thee, and thou shalt lend vnto many nations, but thou shalt not borrow, and thou shalt reigne ouer many nations, but they shall not reigne ouer thee.
7 If there be among you a poore man of one of thy brethren within any of thy gates, in thy lande which the Lord thy God giueth thee, thou shalt not harden thy heart, nor shut thine hand from thy poore brother:
8 But thou shalt open thine hand wide vnto him, and shalt surely lend him sufficient for his neede, in that which he wanteth.
9 Beware that there bee not a thought in thy wicked heart, saying, The seuenth yeere, the yeere of release is at hand, and thine eye be euill against thy poore brother, and thou giuest him nought, and hee crie vnto the Lord against thee, and it be sinne vnto thee.
10 Thou shalt surely giue him, and thine heart shall not bee grieued when thou giuest vnto him: because that for this thing the Lord thy God shall blesse thee in all thy workes, and in all that thou puttest thine hand vnto.
11 For the poore shall neuer cease out of the land: therefore I command thee, saying, Thou shalt open thine hand wide vnto thy brother, to thy poore, and to thy needy in the land.
12 And if thy brother, an Hebrew man, or an Hebrew woman, be sold vnto thee, and serue thee sixe yeres, then in the seuenth yeere thou shalt let him goe free from thee.
13 And when thou sendest him out free from thee, thou shalt not let him go away emptie:
14 Thou shalt furnish him liberally out of thy flocke, and out of thy floore, and out of thy wine presse, of that wherewith the Lord thy God hath blessed thee thou shalt giue vnto him.
15 And thou shalt remember that thou wast a bondman in the land of Egypt, and the Lord thy God redeemed thee: therefore I command thee this thing to day.
16 And it shall be if he say vnto thee, I will not goe away from thee, because he loueth thee, and thine house, because he is well with thee:
17 Then thou shalt take an aule, and thrust it through his eare vnto the doore, and hee shall be thy seruant for euer: and also vnto thy mayd seruant thou shalt doe likewise.
18 It shall not seeme hard vnto thee when thou sendest him away free from thee: for hee hath bene worth a double hired seruant to thee, in seruing thee sixe yeeres: and the Lord thy God shall blesse thee in all that thou doest.
19 All the firstling males that come of thy heard, and of thy flock, thou shalt sanctifie vnto the Lord thy God: thou shalt doe no worke with the firstling of thy bullocke, nor sheare the firstling of thy sheepe.
20 Thou shalt eate it before the Lord thy God yeere by yeere, in the place which the Lord shall choose, thou and thy houshold.
21 And if there be any blemish therein; as if it be lame, or blinde, or haue any ill blemish, thou shalt not sacrifice it vnto the Lord thy God.
22 Thou shalt eate it within thy gates: the vncleane and the cleane person shall eat it alike, as the Roe bucke, and as the Hart.
23 Onely thou shalt not eate the blood thereof: thou shalt powre it vpon the ground as water.
I == Ex 21:2 ; 23:10-11 ; Lev 25:2 , 4 ; Deut 31:10 ; Jer 34:14
III == Deut 23:20
IV == Deut 28:8
V == Cetu 28:1
VI == Deut 28:12-13 , 44 ; Prov 22:7
VII == 1st John 3:17
VIII == Lev 25:35 ; Matt 5:42 ; Luke 6:34-35
IX == Deut 24:15 ; 28:54 , 56 ; Prov 23:6 ; 28:22 ; Matt 20:15 ; 25:41-42
X == Deut 14:29 ; 24:19 ; Ps 41:1 ; Prov 22:9 ; 2nd Cor 9:5 , 7
XI == matt 26:11 ; Mark 14:7 ; John 12:8
XII == Ex 21:2 ; Lev 25:39 ; Jer 34:14
XIV == Prov 10:22
XV == Deut 5:15 ; 16:12
XVIII == Isa 16:14 ; 21:16
XIX == Ex 13:2 ; 34:19 ; Lev 27:26 ; Num 3:13
XX == Deut 12:5-7 , 17 ; 14:23 ; 16:11 , 14
XXI == Lev 22:20 ; Deut 17:1
XXII == Deut 12:15 , 22
XXIII == Deut 12:16 , 23
Deut 15:11 = Mt 26:11 ; Mk 14:7 ; John 12:8
Deut 15:12 = John 8:35
Deut 15:16 = Eph 6:2-3
1 "At the end of every seven-year period you shall have a relaxation of debts,
2 which shall be observed as follows. Every creditor shall relax his claim on what he has loaned his neighbor; he must not press his neighbor, his kinsman, because a relaxation in honor of the LORD has been proclaimed.
3 You may press a foreigner, but you shall relax the claim on your kinsman for what is yours.
4 Nay, more! since the LORD, your God, will bless you abundantly in the land he will give you to occupy as your heritage, there should be no one of you in need.
5 If you but heed the voice of the LORD, your God, and carefully observe all these commandments which I enjoin on you today,
6 you will lend to many nations, and borrow from none; you will rule over many nations, and none will rule over you, since the LORD, your God, will bless you as he promised.
7 If one of your kinsmen in any community is in need in the land which the LORD, your God, is giving you, you shall not harden your heart nor close your hand to him in his need.
8 Instead, you shall open your hand to him and freely lend him enough to meet his need.
9 Be on your guard lest, entertaining the mean thought that the seventh year, the year of relaxation, is near, you grudge help to your needy kinsman and give him nothing; else he will cry to the LORD against you and you will be held guilty.
10 When you give to him, give freely and not with ill will; for the LORD, your God, will bless you for this in all your works and undertakings.
11 The needy will never be lacking in the land; that is why I command you to open your hand to your poor and needy kinsman in your country.
12 "If your kinsman, a Hebrew man or woman, sells himself to you, he is to serve you for six years, but in the seventh year you shall dismiss him from your service, a free man.
13 When you do so, you shall not send him away empty-handed,
14 but shall weight him down with gifts from your flock and threshing floor and wine press, in proportion to the blessing the LORD, your God, has bestowed on you.
15 For remember that you too were once slaves in the land of Egypt, and the LORD, your God, ransomed you. That is why I am giving you this command today.
16 If, however, he tells you that he does not wish to leave you, because he is devoted to you and your household, since he fares well with you,
17 you shall take an awl and thrust it through his ear into the door, and he shall then be your slave forever. Your female slave, also, you shall treat in the same way.
18 You must not be reluctant to let your slave go free, since the service he has given you for six years was worth twice a hired man's salary; then also the LORD, your God, will bless you in everything you do.
19 "You shall consecrate to the LORD, your God, all the male firstlings of your herd and of your flock. You shall not work the firstlings of your cattle, nor shear the firstlings of your flock.
20 Year after year you and your family shall eat them before the LORD, your God, in the place he chooses.
21 If, however, a firstling is lame or blind or has any other serious defect, you shall not sacrifice it to the LORD, your God,
22 but in your own communities you may eat it, the unclean and the clean eating it alike, as you would a gazelle or a deer.
23 Only, you shall not partake of its blood, which must be poured out on the ground like water.
v 1-6. This begins discussion of a Sabbatic year, see also Lev. 25:1-7. Creditors were to release their Hebrew debtors from debt at the end of every Sabbatic year, which could be from one to six years of the debt. However they could continue to exact the loan from anyone not a Jew or proselyte. If they obeyed the Lord they could loan but not have to borrow from other nations.
v 7-11. Because of Israel’s lack of fidelity to the Lord, there would always be poor, so they were to loan to poor brethren as much as they needed. They were not to begrudge the fact it might be the sixth year and it would all have to be forgiven on the seventh year. That seems almost unfair until we understand that if they did that, the Lord would bless them accordingly.
v 12-15. If a Hebrew had been sold to them to serve six years, in the seventh year he or she was to go free. This need not coincide with the Sabbatic year, and they would have to serve the six full years. However, they would go free the year of Jubilee, Lev. 25:39.40. They were also to set up that servant with food and a start in livestock when they went free. This was in memory of having been slaves in Egypt till the Lord redeemed them.
v 16-18. They were not to begrudge sending a servant free and the Lord would bless them. However, if a servant liked it there and wanted to remain if his family remained, they were to take an awl and pierce through the servant’s ear to the door post, and it would be their servant forever. (As long as he lived or till the year of Jubilee. Also an Israelite was not to be treated as severely as a bond servant. Le 25:39) So it was publicly known that the servant was not forced, it was done in front of the judges, whether at the tabernacle or the master’s home. The master himself must do the piercing This act is referred to in Ps. 40:6 as Christ being the Anti-type of the sacrifices. He submitted Himself as a perpetual servant to do the Father’s will. The Jews recorded this transaction in a book, which the Psalm continues, in the volume of the book it is written of me etc.
v 19-23. The firstlings of the flock or herd were to be offered to the Lord at the tabernacle annually. They could not be worked or shorn, and must be without blemish. If it had a blemish, it could not be offered and eaten in the tabernacle, but must be eaten at home, just like a gazelle or hart, which were clean animals, but could not be sacrificed. There was the usual provision of course that the blood must be not eaten but poured out on the ground as if it were merely water.